Charging of insulating spheres on the surface of an electrode affected by monopolar ions

Abstract

The charge acquired by an insulating sphere in a uniform monoionized electric field has been accurately evaluated by Pauthenier. In certain electrostatic applications, such as the electroseparation of mixed granular solids, the particles to be charged are on the surface of an electrode. Under these circumstances, Pauthenier's formula is no longer valid, because the field is nonuniform. This paper addresses this problem from both a computational and an experimental point of view. A numerical method of field analysis was employed for the evaluation of the charge acquired by spheres of various dielectric constants, on the surface of a plate electrode. The numerically computed values of the saturation charge in this situation were always greater than those given by Pauthenier's formula. The experiments were carried out on laboratory equipment provided with various types of corona electrodes. An electrometer was used to measure the charge acquired by calibrated spheres of polyamide (3 mm diameter) when subjected to the positive or negative corona discharge generated between these electrodes and a metallic rotating roll electrode (150 mm diameter) connected to the ground. The experimental data were in good agreement with the theoretical predictions; the saturation charge increases linearly with the applied voltage, up to a threshold at which the self discharge of the particle occurs. The efficiency of ionic charging was shown to depend on the type of corona electrode that is employed.