Abstract
The present paper reviews facts and problems concerning charge hadron production in high energy collisions. Main emphasis is laid on the qualitative and quantitative description of general characteristics and properties observed for charged hadrons produced in such high energy collisions. Various features of available experimental data, for example, the variations of charged hadron multiplicity and pseudorapidity density with the mass number of colliding nuclei, center-of-mass energies, and the collision centrality obtained from heavy-ion collider experiments, are interpreted in the context of various theoretical concepts and their implications. Finally, several important scaling features observed in the measurements mainly at RHIC and LHC experiments are highlighted in the view of these models to draw some insight regarding the particle production mechanism in heavy-ion collisions.
Highlights
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the basic theory which describes the interactions of quarks, and gluons is a firmly established microscopic theory in high energy collision physics
We are still lacking a scaling law which is universal to all types of reactions and can give some basic understanding of the mechanism involved in the particle production
The observed deviations from the well established scaling laws are of great interest as these clearly hint towards the increasing role of hard processes contributing in the production of final state particles at higher energies
Summary
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the basic theory which describes the interactions of quarks, and gluons is a firmly established microscopic theory in high energy collision physics. The complicated process of many-body interactions occurring in these collision processes is still quite difficult to make a clear understanding of the phenomena by analyzing the experimental data on the multiparticle production in the final state In this regard, ongoing efforts for the extensive analysis of the experimental data available on charged hadron production in the view of some successful phenomenological models can provide us with a much needed insight in developing a better understanding of the mechanism involved in the particle production. These can be useful in revealing the properties of the nuclear matter formed at extreme conditions of energy and matter densities.
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