Abstract
This paper presents a method of producing charged droplets using standing capillary waves in a thin liquid film on a vibrating surface. Capillary waves with wavelengths on the order of microns are set to reach a critical stable condition and an electric field is applied to extract charged droplets from the crest of unstable waves. This method is more efficient than the method based on stable Taylor cones working in the cone-jet mode in producing a large quantity of uniformly charged droplets. Theoretical analyses on the droplet diameter, charge-to-mass ratio and the total current emitted from capillary waves are also presented.
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