Charge transfer based green spectrophotometric method to determine remogliflozin etabonate applying response surface methodology supported with computational studies in pharmaceutical formulations

Abstract

Spectrophotometric and computational methods were recognized to determine remogliflozin etabonate (RGE) in pharmaceutical formulations. Remogliflozin’s charge-transfer interaction is significant in pursuing its receptor-effective mechanisms. It helps develop a trustworthy charge-transfer-based spectrophotometric evaluation for remogliflozin with 2, 3-dichloro 5, 6-dicyano 1, 4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) in its pharmaceutical formulation. The spectrophotometric studies were performed at 445 and 750 nm against the reagent reference for the RGE–DDQ and RGE–TCNQ complexes. The optimization was accomplished by occupying the response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Box-Behnken design (BBD) which included three independent parameters: RGE concentration, DDQ concentration and reaction time. The energy differences associated with the charge transfer band formation were investigated at room temperature. The molar absorptivity and formation constant were attained by employing the Benesi-Hildebrand plot. The method was validated per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The current investigation’s linearity was within the range of 10–25 and 5–20 μg/mL, respectively, for the RGE–DDQ and RGE–TCNQ complexes. The formation constant (K) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) were found to be 4.58 × 101, 4.55 × 102 L mol−1 and – 2.13 × 103, – 3.6 × 103 k J mol−1, respectively. The results were reproducible with the analysis completed with pharmaceutical dosage samples. The proposed method's greenness profile was determined by applying the Eco-scale protocol. In the forced degradation findings, the degradation amount was within 5–20% as per the ICH guidelines. The extracted RGE was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy and supported with simulated vibrational IR, NMR and UV-visible spectroscopy. The electronic and spectral properties of RGE were examined, and the findings will be useful for further research on RGE.