Abstract
Equilibrium charge-state distributions have been measured for ∼0.2–1.0 MeV/u 63Cu, 90Zr, 107Ag, 115In, 127I and 197 emerging from thin (10–30 μg/cm2) carbon foils. In many cases, values deduced for the mean charge were found to deviate substantially (from 1 to 3 charge states) from those predicted by semi-empirical formulae. Highly asymmetric charge-state distributions were observed for 107Ag and 115In near 30 MeV, which are attributed to a shell effect at the boundary between the N- and M-shell electrons. The present results will be used to select the optimum charge-state combinations for heavy-ion beams from the tandem accelerator superconducting cyclotron (TASCC) at Chalk River.
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