Charcoal activated as template Mg/Al layered double hydroxide for selective adsorption of direct yellow on anionic dyes

Abstract

In this investigation, MgAl-Charcoal activated was prepared and characterized using XRD, FTIR, BET, and SEM analyses. MgAl-Charcoal activated exhibited characteristic peaks at 2θ = 10.85° (003), 21.64° (002), 34.60° (015), and 60.65° (013). FTIR absorption spectra of MgAl-Charcoal activated typical absorption at 3448, 1635, 1381, and 601 cm−1. The surface areas of MgAl, charcoal activated, and MgAl-Charcoal activated were 8.963, 757.845, and 1449.020 m2/g, respectively. The surface area of MgAl expanded 161 times after being combined with charcoal activated. The typical MgAl, charcoal activated, and MgAl-Charcoal activated surfaces are not uniform in size and shape. MgAl and MgAl-Charcoal activated absorb direct yellow more than methyl orange and direct green. The significant drop in direct yellow concentration suggested that the direct yellow structure was smaller than methyl orange and direct green. The correlation coefficient revealed that the adsorption of direct yellow followed the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption of direct yellow capabilities of MgAl, charcoal activated, and MgAl-Charcoal activated were 101.010 mg/g, 71.429 mg/g, and 133.333 mg/g, respectively. In the fifth cycle, the regeneration efficiency of MgAl, charcoal activated, and MgAl-Charcoal activated decreased from 70.652 % to 29.762 %, 68.711 % to 37.785 %, and 92.003 % to 66.382 %, respectively. These findings show the effective regeneration of MgAl-Charcoal activated for adsorption of direct yellow.