Abstract
Recent experimental advances in ultrafast phenomena have triggered renewed interest in the dynamics of correlated quantum systems away from equilibrium. We review nonequilibrium dynamical mean-field theory studies of both the transient and the steady states of a DC field-driven correlated quantum system. In particular, we focus on the nonequilibrium behavior and how it relates to the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem emerges as an indicator for how the system thermalizes and for how it reaches a steady state. When the system thermalizes in an infinite temperature steady state it can pass through a succession of quasi-thermal states that approximately obey the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We also discuss the Wigner distribution and what its evolution tells us about the nonequilibrium many-body problem.
Highlights
Correlated systems include some of the most technologically promising materials of our time
This review describes non-equilibrium dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) studies for both the transient and the steady-state of the Falicov–Kimball model, describing a Fermi-Fermi mixture of heavy-light particles, when it is driven away from equilibrium by a constant electric field
We showed the complex range of relaxation scenarios exhibited by this non-equilibrium system
Summary
Correlated systems include some of the most technologically promising materials of our time. Dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) [13,14,15,16] treats spatial correlations in a mean-field fashion, while treating temporal correlations exactly It is one of the most commonly used and successful methods for studying strongly correlated systems. From these Green’s functions, we can construct the so-called retarded and advanced Green’s functions via
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