Abstract
A review of the current state of our understanding of complete fusion reaction mechanisms is presented, from the perspective of an experimentalist. For complete fusion reactions, the overall uncertainties in predicting heavy element synthesis cross sections are examined in terms of the uncertainties associated with the calculations of capture cross sections, fusion probabilities and survival probabilities.
Highlights
IntroductionThe cross section for producing a heavy evaporation residue, EVR, in a fusion reaction can be written as EVR(E)
The cross section for producing a heavy evaporation residue, EVR, in a fusion reaction can be written as EVR(E) = h2 E ∞ (2 =0 + 1)T (E, )PCN(E, )Wsur(E, ) (1)
Where E is the center of mass energy, and T is the probability of the colliding nuclei to overcome the potential barrier in the entrance channel and reach the contact point. (The term “evaporation residue” refers to the product of a fusion reaction followed by the evaporation of a specific number of neutrons.) PCN is the probability that the projectile-target system will evolve from the contact point to the compound nucleus
Summary
The cross section for producing a heavy evaporation residue, EVR, in a fusion reaction can be written as EVR(E). (The term “evaporation residue” refers to the product of a fusion reaction followed by the evaporation of a specific number of neutrons.) PCN is the probability that the projectile-target system will evolve from the contact point to the compound nucleus. One must remember that the Wsur term effectively sets the allowed values of the spin We might ask what the overall uncertainties are in the current phenomenological models for predicting heavy element production cross sections. This is an item of some controversy. Some feel the uncertainties in typical predictions are factors of 2–4 [7] while others estimate these uncertainties to be 1–2 orders of magnitude [8, 9]
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