Characterizing patterns of disease progression in patients with genitourinary cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Abstract

482 Background: Despite the widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), patterns of disease progression (POD) are poorly characterized. We aim to define these characteristics in patients (pts) with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with ICIs. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts of pts with advanced UC and RCC who received at least 2 ICI doses at our institution from 12/1/10 – 10/31/18. Demographics, medical history, ICI course, toxicity, and outcomes were recorded. Characteristics at the time of radiographic POD including location of metastases (mets), symptoms (sx), and hospitalization details were collected. Fisher’s exact test was used to study differences in pts with and without hospitalization at POD. Results: Of the 71 pts identified (UC N=53; RCC N=18), 59 pts had POD. At POD, 19 (32.2%) pts had new sites of disease involvement, while the remaining pts (N=40, 67.8%) had progression only at previously known sites of disease. Fourty-six (78.0%) pts had sx at POD: 1 sx (N=19, 32.2%), 2 sx (N=13, 22.0%), 3+ sx (N=14, 23.7%). Pain was the most common sx at POD (N=32, 54.2%), followed by loss of energy (N=18, 30.5%), and loss of appetite (N=14, 23.7%). Twenty-five (42.4%) pts were hospitalized at POD, most commonly for sepsis (N=8, 32%). No clinical factors were identified to predict for pts being hospitalized at POD. Conclusions: In our review of GU cancer patients on ICIs, a large proportion of pts reported clinical sx at POD, pain being the most frequent. Furthermore, a substantial number of pts were hospitalized at POD, most commonly for sepsis. Thus, further studies are warranted to confirm these findings, and potentially identify strategies to optimize patients’ quality-of-life and reduce rates of hospitalizations at the time of POD on ICIs.