Abstract
Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) is a potential legume crop of the tropics with high protein and oil content in the seeds. Analysis of the mutual genotypic relationships among twenty four genotypes of P. tetragonolobus through Mantel test found a significant correlation (r = 0.839) between similarity matrices of the results obtained from the use of the RAPD and ISSR molecular markers. The UPGMA tree based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient generated from their cumulative data showed two distinct clusters and seven sub-clusters among these accessions. Quantification of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannin revealed the highest percentage of occurrence of kaempferol (1.07-790.5 μg/g) and the lowest percentage of gallic acid (0.09-3.49 μg/g) in the seeds. Phytochemical analysis of the winged bean genotypes revealed that, some of the exotic lines are distinct. Analysis of photosynthesis rate, photosynthetic yield and stomatal conductance data also showed two clusters and was in congruence with the phytochemical affinities of the genotypes. The overall high level of polymorphism and varied range of genetic distances across the genotypes revealed a wide range of genetic base of P. tetragonolobus. The present investigation therefore, has provided significant insights for further improvement of winged bean germplasm for its qualitative and quantitative traits.
Highlights
A total of thirteen decamer primers were used for RAPD profiling of 24 genotypes of P. tetragonolobus
The number of potential ISSR markers depends on the frequency of microsatellites, which changes with species and they are highly polymorphic and have been used in innumerable crop plants to study the genetic diversity, phylogeny, gene tagging, and genomic mapping [29]
The results obtained in the present study further suggested that physiological diversity in the genotypes of winged bean need not be necessarily related to genetic diversity
Summary
(Fam. Fabaceae) popularly known as Winged bean or Goa bean is a tropical legume found growing abundantly in hot, humid equatorial countries, like India, Burma, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Philippines. Fabaceae) popularly known as Winged bean or Goa bean is a tropical legume found growing abundantly in hot, humid equatorial countries, like India, Burma, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Philippines It is called a wonder legume as it has the high protein content in the seeds and considered as a versatile legume [1]. It is a diploid (2n = 2x = 18), self-fertilizing leguminous crop with multifarious usage [2]. Assessment of genetic variations and relationships among these leguminous crops may play a significant role
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