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Abstract
In this study, the dissolution of biomass components – cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and two whole biomasses – switchgrass and poplar in a pyridine based ionic liquid at a low temperature – 50 °C has been examined, which will provide an opportunity to explore the original structures of biomass components. The following phosphitylation, and 31P NMR measurement could provide quantitative results for various hydroxyl groups, including aliphatic, condensed phenolic, guaiacyl phenolic, p-hydroxyl phenyl and carboxylic hydroxyl groups in the biomass components and whole biomass. By employing various biomass model compounds (glucose, cellotriose, and cellohexose), artificial mixtures of biomass components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), and computational simulation for the assignments by using density functional theory (DFT) calculation in Gaussian, reliability and accuracy of this method have been examined as well, which indicated that this method is a reliable and accurate way to quantitatively characterize 5 different types of hydroxyl groups in biomass and its components.
Highlights
Biomass is a renewable resource for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals that, to date, have been made primarily from fossil resources
It is evident that TMDP can react with all the OH groups in the biomass ionic liquid solution, which will change the polarity for the biomass and lead to precipitate
DMF is a necessary step for the total dissolution of whole biomass, but DMF will not work as a single enhancer even for cellulose sample
Summary
Biomass is a renewable resource for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals that, to date, have been made primarily from fossil resources. Characterization of biomass in ionic liquid solutions have been reported including the use of 1H, 31P NMR, and FT-IR.
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