Characterization of VOCs Emitted by Foliage of Grapevine cv. Isabella for Prospecting Innovative Cropping Systems

Arleen Rodríguez-Declet,Luca Moretti Conti,Alessandra Lombini,Antonio Castro-Marín,Fabio Chinnici,Adamo Domenico Rombolà

doi:10.3390/agronomy12020272

Abstract

Volatile organic compounds play an important role in communication within plants as well as with other organisms. In this work we identified the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the foliage of the grapevine cv. Isabella, a largely known hybrid of Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca. Our data show 25 VOCs emitted by cv. Isabella. Different compound classes were found, including alcohols, hydrocarbons, esters, terpenes, ketones, and a green leaf volatile (GLV). The study highlighted differences between volatile profiles for diurnal and nocturnal treatments. The compounds: trans-3-dodecene, 5,5 dibutylnonane, ethyl 2-methyllactate, 2-hexanol, 3-ethyl-2-heptanol, 3-nonanol, and 2-nonanol, have not been previously reported for Vitis vinifera foliage. Notably, eight compounds emitted by cv. Isabella, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 2-hexanol, 2-nonanone, β-pinene, camphene, cis-hexenyl acetate, and phenethyl alcohol, are of relevant interest for their role in plant defense. New knowledge on the emission of these compounds in cv. Isabella can help to understand the mechanisms of pathogen tolerance of this genotype and could be an important step in prospecting innovative cropping systems.

Highlights

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represent a large and structurally diverse group of secondary metabolites produced by plants
In this work we identified the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the foliage of the grapevine cv
Our study identified a total of 25 volatile organic compounds emitted by the foliage of the cv

Summary

Introduction

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represent a large and structurally diverse group of secondary metabolites produced by plants. VOCs are substances with low molecular weight [1] which are formed through many biochemical pathways, constitutively and/or after stress induction, with most plant organs being able to secrete and emit a number of these compounds [2,3,4,5]. They can be emitted throughout the life cycle of the plant or, more commonly, at specific developmental stages such as leaf maturation, senescence, flowering, and fruit ripening [3]. VOCs released from resistant plants can trigger specific defensive responses in other parts of the plant itself, and/or to neighboring plants of various species [12]

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