Abstract
In the summer of 2016, a field of corn (Zea mays) in Spencer County, Indiana was observed with heavily stunted plants, and from the affected roots a large number of cysts were recovered. Soil samples were submitted to one of us (JF), who extracted the nematode cysts and sent them to the USDA-ARS, Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory (MNGDBL), Beltsville, MD for morphological and molecular identification. Cysts and the recovered second-stage juveniles (J2) that were examined morphologically conformed to the measurements of Vittatidera zeaphila, the goose cyst nematode originally described from Tennessee, USA in 2010. The molecular analysis of J2 showed the sample from Spencer County matched exactly with V. zeaphila according to ribosomal DNA markers ITS, 28S, and 18S, and with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI). The nuclear marker heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) was also analyzed for the first time from the Indiana population of V. zeaphila. Similarities to existing cyst nematode sequences are reported herein. Geographically, although the county is across the Ohio River from Kentucky, the previously reported Hickman County, Kentucky location and Indiana detection are approximately 200 miles apart. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of V. zeaphila in Indiana.
Highlights
Cyst nematodes species cause serious dam age to a wide variety of economically important crops
The general morphology and molecular taxonomy and phylogeny of cyst nematodes have been given in detail in two recent review articles (Baldwin and Handoo, 2018; Subbotin and Skantar, 2018)
In the summer of 2016, a field of corn (Zea mays) in Spencer County, Indiana was observed with heavily stunted plants, and from the affected roots a large number of cysts were recovered
Summary
Cyst nematodes species cause serious dam age to a wide variety of economically important crops. ITS: Amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region ITS1&2 rDNA contained 0.2 μM each primer, TW81 (Joyce et al, 1994) and AB28 (Howlett et al, 1992), 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.2 mM dNTPs, 1U Platinum Taq DNA polymerase (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), 3 μl nematode DNA extract, and supplied enzyme reaction buffer in a total volume of 25 μl.
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