Abstract
Simple SummaryAtkinsoniella is a large genus of almost 99 species across the world within the subfamily Cicadellinae, which is a large subfamily, comprising more than 2400 species of approximately 330 genera. Some of the Cicadellinae distributed worldwide are known as important agricultural pests. To better understand the mitogenomic characteristics of the genus Atkinsoniella and reveal phylogenetic relationships, the complete mitochondrial genomes of Atkinsoniella grahami and Atkinsoniella xanthonota were sequenced and comparatively analyzed in this study. The mitogenomes of these two Atkinsoniella species were found to be highly conserved, similarly to other Cicadellidae, except for the secondary structure of trnaS1, which formed a loop with the dihydrouridine (DHC) arm. This phenomenon has also been observed in other insect mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses, based on mitogenomes using both the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods of three datasets, supported the monophyly of Cicadellinae, as well as the other subfamilies, and produced a well-resolved framework of Cicadellidae and valuable data for the phylogenetic study of Cicadellinae.The complete mitochondrial genomes of Atkinsoniella grahami and Atkinsoniella xanthonota were sequenced. The results showed that the mitogenomes of these two species are 15,621 and 15,895 bp in length, with A+T contents of 78.6% and 78.4%, respectively. Both mitogenomes contain 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a control region (CR). For all PCGs, a standard start ATN codon (ATT, ATG, or ATA) was found at the initiation site, except for ATP8, for which translation is initiated with a TTG codon. All PCGs terminate with a complete TAA or TAG stop codon, except for COX2, which terminates with an incomplete stop codon T. All tRNAs have the typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnS, which has a reduced dihydrouridine arm. Furthermore, these phylogenetic analyses were reconstructed based on 13 PCGs and two rRNA genes of 73 mitochondrial genome sequences, with both the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. The obtained mitogenome sequences in this study will promote research into the classification, population genetics, and evolution of Cicadellinae insects in the future.
Highlights
The leafhopper subfamily Cicadellinae is distributed worldwide and contains around2400 species, represented by approximately 330 genera [1]
Bayesian inference (BI) analysis was performed on MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed [65] with the default settings, by simulating four independent runs for 100 million generations with sampling every 1000 generations, the initial 25% of samples were discarded as burn-in
The two Atkinsoniella mitogenomes both contain the typical number of 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), eight of which were encoded by N-strand and 14 encoded by J-strand, ranging from 61 bp eight of which were encoded by N-strand and 14 encoded by J-strand, ranging from 61 bp to 71 bp in length (Tables 2 and 3)
Summary
The leafhopper subfamily Cicadellinae is distributed worldwide and contains around. 2400 species, represented by approximately 330 genera [1]. The leafhopper subfamily Cicadellinae is distributed worldwide and contains around. In China, 26 genera and 315 species of Cicadellinae have been recorded [2]. The mitogenomes of only six species of the subfamily Cicadellinae (Bothrogonia ferruginea, B. qiongana, Cicadella viridis, Cofana yasumatsui, Cuerna sp., and Homalodisca vitripennis) (Table 1) have been sequenced and annotated, while none of them belong to the genus Atkinsoniella. Most of them are polyphagous and often feed on weeds and trees, and they typically live in the damp environment of mountain forests Their bodies are mostly black with light spots, or light with black, red, yellow, or orange markings. No mitogenome of Atkinsoniella has been sequenced This lack of mitogenomic data has limited the understanding of the evolution of Cicadellinae at the genomic level. This study will be valuable for the taxonomy and phylogeny of Cicadellidae insects in the future
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