Abstract
Echinodorus grandiflorus and Echinodorus macrophyllus are medicinal plants that are widely used in Brazilian folk medicine. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of oven drying with ventilation on the chromatographic profile of volatile compounds and to compare the leaf anatomy and volatile compounds of different commercial E. macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli and E. grandiflorus Mich. Samples. The components found in fresh and dried samples were extracted by SPME and analysed by GC-MS, and the anatomical features of the leaves were observed microscopically. A total of 46 compounds were identified; five compounds were present in the dried and fresh samples of E. grandiflorus and all of the commercial samples. The anatomy analyses confirmed the authenticity of the species. Apparent differences in the volatile composition between the species were observed, allowing the identification of chemical marker. The results showed that commercial establishments do not conform to regulations, and the techniques used were effective for the characterization of volatile compounds and for quality control of medicinal plants.
Highlights
There has been a widespread increase in the use of medicinal plants as a result of their potentially beneficial effects on human health (Vida et al, 2010)
The results showed that commercial establishments do not conform to regulations, and the techniques used were effective for the characterization of volatile compounds and for quality control of medicinal plants
solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has been widely used for the rapid extraction of volatile compounds from aromatic and medicinal plants and the extracted compounds are identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (Cui et al, 2020)
Summary
There has been a widespread increase in the use of medicinal plants as a result of their potentially beneficial effects on human health (Vida et al, 2010). Numerous methods have been proposed for the description of the chemical compositions of volatile compounds in plants and to correlate study results with known descriptors of plant activity (Tigrine-Kordjani et al, 2007). SPME has been widely used for the rapid extraction of volatile compounds from aromatic and medicinal plants and the extracted compounds are identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (Cui et al, 2020). These evaluations might facilitate the identification of these medicinal herbs, the analysis of the information contained in labels and the determination of the presence of foreign materials, moisture content, and total ash to assess whether such items are concordant with the regulations
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