Abstract
We present an experimental study of second-harmonic generation in the light reflected from a flat silver surface. It is discussed that the harmonic generation from such a surface may be expressed in terms of the three unique elements of its effective surface susceptibility tensor. A method is proposed to determine the susceptibilities by measuring the second-harmonic power with different polarization conditions. By employing a picosecond light source and photon-counting techniques, we determine the susceptibilities and compare our results with previous work.
Highlights
Over the years, there have been many studies of second-harmonic generation in the light specularly reflected from the flat surface of an evaporated metal
Some early works [1]–[3] have measured the second-harmonic power for different polarization conditions from which, at least, some susceptibilities or ratios of susceptibilities can be determined. This was an encouraging development, but it has been pointed out that conclusions drawn in early work may be questionable due to angular factors missing in the -existing theories ([15], see p 21)
We present our method of experimentally determining χ⊥⊥⊥, χ⊥ and χ ⊥ from the polarization-dependence of P(2ω)
Summary
There have been many studies of second-harmonic generation in the light specularly reflected from the flat surface of an evaporated metal. Some early works [1]–[3] have measured the second-harmonic power for different polarization conditions from which, at least, some susceptibilities or ratios of susceptibilities can be determined. This was an encouraging development, but it has been pointed out that conclusions drawn in early work may be questionable due to angular factors missing in the -existing theories ([15], see p 21). We present an example of fully characterizing the harmonic response through experimental determination of the three unique susceptibilities of a metal surface. We present an expression for the second-harmonic power for arbitrary incident and detected polarization conditions and, from it, we discuss the procedure for determining the susceptibilities. It would be better to repeat the procedures outlined here with any sample of particular interest
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