Characterization of the Organic Matter in the Formations with Juniperus phoenicea, and Pinus halepensis in the Matorrals of the Mostagan&amp;#233;mois Littoral

N Lahouel,D Benmansour,N Benabadji

doi:10.4236/oje.2014.45024

Abstract

In the present work, we were able to verify the utility of splitting the organic matter that seems to be indispensable, especially when it comes to the soil humus which is very little polymerized and containing a large proportion of non-decomposed organic matter. This study even if it remains unfinished, it provides some useful information. Moreover, this work reflects the fundamental influence exerted by the organic matter as a soil and as a driving force of its dynamics. Humus factor in the vocation of a soil can promote or remove some plant species. The statistic analysis shows that the humification of the organic matter is faster on calcareous sandstone substrate (Calabrien) as on Tithonique Substrate with advanced cretaceous which can be explained by the very high rate of humic acids as the calcareous sandstone substrate. At the level of plant development, the organic matter provided by the mixed stands (Eucalyptus, Pinus halepensis, Juniperus phoenicea) with an undergrowth which is formed by (Retama monosperma,calycotome spinosa,Pistachia lentiscus, Phylaria latifolia, Lavandula stoecka) has a very god humification with a predominance of humic acids that indicate the acceleration of the development of clay-humic complexes and a permanent wealth of energy reserves.

Highlights

The forest environment is a net sample of ecosystem organized by superimposed layers; this allows the maximum use of solar energy as well as a greater diversification of the ecological niches [1].Among the essential components in this environment, there is the organic matter which plays a key role here
Variability of the Rate of (OM) According to the Undergrowth Figure 3 represents the rate variation of the organic matter in order of horizon groups and plant association, it is noticeable that the association (C) (Phylleria latifolia, Pistachia lentiscus and Lavandula stoecka) gathers a large number of horizon groups together with a very high rate of organic matter, and we have the association (B) (Retama monosperma, calycotom spinosa and Pistachia lentiscus) and (E) (Pistachia lentiscus and Disse), and come the other associations represented by a smaller number of horizon groups and the average rates of the oraganic matter
Variability of the Rate (OM) According to Forest Groups Figure 4 represents the rate variation of the organic matter in order of horizon groups and plant groupings, it is noticeable that the group (D) (Pinus halepensis) gathers a large number of horizon groups together with a very high rate of organic matter, and we have the grouping (E) (Pinus halepensis and Juniperus phoenicea) and come the other groupings (A) (Eucalyptus, Juniperus phoenicea and Pinus halepensis) and (C) (Pinus canariensis and Pinus halepensis) by a smaller number of horizon groups and the average rates of the oraganic matter

Summary

Introduction

Among the essential components in this environment, there is the organic matter which plays a key role here It constitutes the essential substrate of the development of the biological life because it is a major source of carbon and energy for the microorganisms. It determines the chemical properties (carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stocks) and the physical properties (permeability, structural stability, retention and water circulation and capacities) of soil [2]-[4]. We focus our work especially on the soil and the organic element These latters are responsible for the decay of Juniperus phoenicea stands. The organic matter both in quantity and inquality cannot be proactive by the root system of this forest gasoline.

Methods

Results

Conclusion