Characterization of the mineral fraction in botanical reference materials and its influence on homogeneity and analytical results

Abstract

The NIST natural-product leaf Standard Reference Materials have been widely used in developing reliable methods of analysis. A small amount of mineral matter present in these materials was separated by flotation, and characterized qualitatively by microscopy and quantiatively by neutron activation analysis. Several elements are concentrated in the mineral fraction, which can lead to analytical error through incomplete dissolution or sampling statistics. Two new candidate materials prepared by the Office of Standard Reference Materials, SRM 1515 Apple Leaves and SRM 1547 Peach Leaves, have been processed with an air-jet mill, resulting in a very finely ground leaf material, with particle size less than 200 mesh. A cyclone classifier in the process discriminates against coarse grit, so that the content of minerals in the ground material is less than in the first-generation materials. Better homogeneity was in fact observed, even down to 100 mg sample size. One must use caution, however, to assure that any inhomogeneity found in real samples are appropriately considered and dealt with.