Abstract
Knowledge of the mineral nutrition requirements of mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) is relatively scarce and rudimentary because there is a lack of consistent data concerning its nutritional demands at different developmental stages. The aim of this research was to characterize the visual symptoms of macronutrient deficiencies and to evaluate the effects of these deficiencies on the growth, the production of dry matter, and the leaf content of mangabeira. To achieve this goal, a greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Goiano Federal Institute (Instituto Federal Goiano) in Rio Verde - GO, from January to June 2011 in which mangabeira plants were arranged in a random block design and grown in nutrient solutions. This experiment was replicated four times. The plants were treated with either a complete nutrient solution or a nutrient solution from which the individual macronutrient of interest (nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), or sulfur (S) had been omitted. The omission of a macronutrient from the nutrient solution resulted in morphological alterations that were characteristic symptoms of the particular nutritional deficiency and caused decreases in growth and dry matter mass production. The accumulation of macronutrients displayed the following order in mangabeira leaves: N>K>Ca>P>S>Mg.
Highlights
Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) belongs to the Apocynaceae family and is a native fruit plant of Brazil that grows spontaneously in the Central West, North, Northeast, and Southeast regions
Visual symptoms of nutritional deficiency The visual symptoms of N deficiency began at 60 days after transplanting (DAT)
N is a mobile nutrient; when there is an insufficient supply, plant growth is slowed, and N is translocated from the older organs to the newer ones (MARSCHNER, 1995)
Summary
Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) belongs to the Apocynaceae family and is a native fruit plant of Brazil that grows spontaneously in the Central West, North, Northeast, and Southeast regions. Large-scale processing of mangabeira is not performed because the volume of fruit currently available could not meet market demands. Capturing new markets, mainly in the South and the Southeast, relies on the establishment of commercial orchards because current production depends on extractivism (LEDERMAN et al 2000). Commercial exploitation is closely related to successful seedling production; it is necessary to obtain healthy seedlings that can be planted in orchards. The growth of healthy seedlings will ensure the health of the plant in the field (ROSA et al 2005)
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