Abstract
Butia eriospatha is an endemic palm species from the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil, a biodiversity hotspot. This species is currently listed in the IUCN red list as vulnerable and lacks specific plastid markers for population genetics studies. In addition, the evolutionary relationship within the genus Butia is not yet well resolved. Here, we sequenced and characterized the complete plastid genome (plastome) sequence of B. eriospatha. The complete plastome sequence is 154,048 bp in length, with the typical quadripartite structure. This plastome length and genes content is consistent with other six species from tribe Cocoseae. However, the Inverted Repeat (IR) borders show some variation among the analyzed species from this tribe. Species from the Bactridinae (Astrocaryum and Acrocomia) and Elaeidinae (Elaeis) subtribes present the rps19 gene completely duplicated in the IR region. In contrast, all plastomes sequenced from the subtribe Attaleinae (Butia, Cocos, Syagrus) present one complete CDS of rps19 and one partial copy of rps19. The difference in the IR/LSC junctions between Attaleinae and the sister clades Bactridinae + Elaeidinae might be considered an evolutionary signal and the plastome sequence of B. eriopatha may be used in future studies of population genetics and phylogeny.
Highlights
The family Arecaceae, comprises approximately 188 genera and 2,585 species, distributed throughout tropical and subtropical climate of the world, but it is most diverse in tropical forest habitats, being present from Americas to Asia-Pacific region (Palmweb)
Butia (Becc.) Becc. is a genus of the family Arecaceae, indigenous from South America. This genus includes 18 species (WFO, 2019), among them Butia eriospatha (Mart. ex Drude) Becc. This species is endemic to southern Brazil and occurs in the Atlantic Rainforest phytogeographic domain: mainly in high altitude grassland, grassland, palm grove (Heiden et al, 2020)
Butia eriospatha is distinguished by its solitary stem with 4-5 meters in hight, globose fruit, spathe ferruginous-pubescent on outer surface, and pistillate flowers with 3-7 mm
Summary
Small subunit of Ribossome Large subunit of Ribossome DNA-dependent RNA Polymerase rrn4.5a; rrn5a; rrn16a; rrn23a trnA-UGCab; trnC-GCA; trnD-GUC; trnE-UUC; trnF-GAA; trnfM-CAU; trnG-UCCb; trnG-GCC; trnH-GUGa; trnI-CAUa; trnI-GAUab; trnK-UUUb; trnL-CAAa; trnL-UAAb; trnL-UAG; trnM-CAU; trnN-GUUa; trnP-UGG; trnQ-UUG; trnR-ACGa; trnR-UCU; trnS-GCU; trnS-UGA; trnS-GGA; trnT-UGU; trnT-GGU; trnV-GACa; trnV-UACb; trnW-CCA; trnY-GUA rps; rps; rps; rps7a; rps; rps; rps12ab; rps; rps; rps16b; rps; rps19a rpl2ab; rpl; rpl16b; rpl; rpl; rpl23a; rpl; rpl; rpl
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