Abstract
Flowering is crucial for reproductive success in flowering plant. The CCT domain-containing genes widely participate in the regulation of flowering process in various plant species. So far, the CCT family in common wheat is largely unknown. Here, we characterized the structure, organization, molecular evolution and expression of the CCT genes in Aegilops tauschii, which is the D genome donor of hexaploid wheat. Twenty-six CCT genes (AetCCT) were identified from the full genome of A. tauschii and these genes were distributed on all 7 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis classified these AetCCT genes into 10 subgroups. Thirteen AetCCT members in group A, C, H and G achieved rapid evolution based on evolutionary rate analysis. The AetCCT genes respond to different exogenous hormones and abiotic treatments, the expression of AetCCT4, 7, 8, 11, 12, 16, 17, 19, 21 and 22 showed a significant 24 h rhythm. This study may provide a reference for common wheat's evolution, domestication and evolvement rules, and also help us to understand the ecological adaptability of A. tauschii.
Highlights
Flowering is an important development event in plant life cycle, which guarantees the adaptation to special geographical environments and reproductive success
Using the HMM searches and domain confirmation, we identified 26 putative CCT protein sequences in A. tauschii and named AetCCT1 to AetCCT26, based on the order of their chromosome locations in graingene 2.0 database
The 26 article isolates CCT family genes (AetCCTs) genes are distributed among the 7 A. tauschii chromosomes (Fig 1)
Summary
Flowering is an important development event in plant life cycle, which guarantees the adaptation to special geographical environments and reproductive success. The first cloned plant flowering control gene is CO in Arabidopsis (CONSTANS). The C terminus of CO protein contains a motif including 43–45 amino acid residues [1]. Several genes regulating flowering contain this conserved motif, such as CO, COL (CO—LIKE) and TOC1 (Timing of CAB expression 1). CCT family genes can be divided into four categories based on the latest sequencing information of Arabidopsis, rice and barley and other species: COL (CONSTANS-like), PRR (Pseudo response regulators), CMF (CCT Motif) and ZCCT family [1,2,3]. In Arabidopsis, most of the CCT family genes including COL1, COL2 and COL3 that can react with those downstream genes as FT (Flower time) and SOC1 (Suppressor of overexpression of CO1) under the control of COP1 (Constituitive photomorphogenic), affecting the plant flowering process under
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