Abstract
The spectrum of insecticidal activity of Cry51Aa2.834_16 protein targeting hemipteran and thysanopteran insect pests in cotton was characterized by selecting and screening multiple pest and non-pest species, based on representation of ecological functional groups, taxonomic relatedness (e.g. relationship to species where activity was observed), and availability for effective testing. Seven invertebrate orders, comprising 12 families and 17 representative species were screened for susceptibility to Cry51Aa2.834_16 protein and/or the ability of the protein to protect against feeding damage in laboratory, controlled environments (e.g. greenhouse/growth chamber), and/or field studies when present in cotton plants. The screening results presented for Cry51Aa2.834_16 demonstrate selective and limited activity within three insect orders. Other than Orius insidiosus, no activity was observed for Cry51Aa2.834_16 against several groups of arthropods that perform key ecological roles in some agricultural ecosystems (e.g. pollinators, decomposers, and natural enemies).
Highlights
IntroductionHemipteran and thysanopteran pest species, including three species of plant bugs (the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Bauvois, the Western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus Knight, and the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus Reuter) and thrips, Frankliniella spp. are polyphagous pests of a wide range of agronomic and horticultural crops in various geographic regions [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Hemipteran and thysanopteran pest species, including three species of plant bugs and thrips, Frankliniella spp. are polyphagous pests of a wide range of agronomic and horticultural crops in various geographic regions [1,2,3,4,5,6]
While no significant differences were found between the numbers of small and large nymphs on MON 88702 and DP393, there was a significant 3-fold reduction in numbers of generation adults recorded between MON 88702 and DP393 (F = 53.81; df = 1,9; p < 0.001)
Summary
Hemipteran and thysanopteran pest species, including three species of plant bugs (the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Bauvois, the Western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus Knight, and the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus Reuter) and thrips, Frankliniella spp. are polyphagous pests of a wide range of agronomic and horticultural crops in various geographic regions [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Plant bugs and thrips were once considered secondary or minor sucking insect pests in cotton fields and have historically been controlled by numerous broad-spectrum insecticides delivered as foliar applications or seed treatments [6, 9]. Changes in management of cotton pests and development of resistance to insecticides have resulted in these insects becoming. Activity Spectrum of Cry51Aa2.834_16 for all authors, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section
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