Abstract
Policymakers are implementing the transition to a circular model in all economic sectors to drastically mitigate the effects of climate change. In this regard, the producers of paving products should promote the reuse and recycling of solid waste in the design of sustainable asphalt materials. This study evaluated the performance-based properties of three highly recycled mixtures for wearing courses of asphalt pavements containing steel slag and varying amounts (25, 40, and 50%) of fractionated reclaimed asphalt (RA). In addition, the mixtures incorporated a warm mix asphalt (WMA) organic additive to lower production temperatures compared to a reference hot mix asphalt (HMA). Based on the experimental results, the warm recycled asphalt mixtures show equivalent or better performance compared to HMA in terms of moisture susceptibility, stiffness, rutting and fracture resistance, and surface macrotexture. Therefore, the combined incorporation of RA and steel slag with WMA was proven to be an effective option in designing environmentally friendly and high-performance wearing course mixtures.
Highlights
The results indicate that the mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt (RA) and steel slag, produced at a lower temperature, deliver higher tensile strength compared with the reference mix
At 20 ◦ C, the stiffness increased by 5.1, 25.6, and 61.2%. These results indicate that the combined effect of steel slag and RA on the stiffness modulus is more pronounced at intermediate temperatures than at low temperatures
This study investigated the performance of anti-skid wearing course mixtures designed with varying high contents of reclaimed asphalt (25, 40, and 50%) and steel slag aggregates, and produced at reduced temperatures using an organic additive compared to a reference hot mix asphalt (HMA)
Summary
Academic Editors: Hussain Bahia, Sandra Erkens, Xueyan Liu, Yue Xiao and Yue Hou. Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Anthropogenic pollution and greenhouse gas emissions are increasing global warming and severely changing ecosystems and climate patterns. Countries have debated approaches to combat the potential implications of these impacts since the early 1990s. These negotiations have produced several significant accords, including the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement [1]. It comprises an overarching policy to achieve a carbon-neutral and sustainable economy by 2050 [2,3]. According to the European Environment Agency, greenhouse gas emissions will continue to decline, at a slower pace than needed
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