Abstract
The study was aimed to quantify volume of surface runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss from the forest-agriculture landscape (forest margins) in Lore Lindu National Park Central Sulawesi. Surface runoff volume and soil erosion were measured daily on erosion plots. It was installed on several land use types i.e. forest land, maize, young cocoa, medium cocoa, old cocoa, vanilla, shrub and bush and bareland, on the soil Typic Dystrudepts with slope ± 40%. The nutrient content in surface runoff and sediments were analyzed from selected surface runoff and sediment samples. Surface runoff and soil erosion from agriculture land were respectively 2.1 to 3.4 and 3.6 to 5.8 times higher than from forest lands. Meanwhile, surface runoff and soil erosion from bareland were respectively 7.0 and 23.7 times greater than forest land respectively. Sediment nutrient contents from forest land were higher than agriculture land. In the contrary, total nutrient lost from agriculture land were higher than forest land ones. Nutrient losses carried by surface runoff were larger than those losses carried by sediments. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loss in surface runoff was 6,1 to 8,0 times higher than total organic carbon (TOC) loss in sediments. Likewise, nitrate (NO3-) loss in surface runoff was 1.9 to 12.1 times higher than total nitrogen (TN) in sediments as well as potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium losses. Potassium is dominant cation loss carried by the surface runoff, while calcium is mainly carried by sediment.Keywords: Dissolve organic carbon; forest-agriculture landscape; nutrient loss; soil erosion; surface runoff[How to Cite: Hidayat Y, K Murtilaksono and N Sinukaban. 2012. Characterization of Surface Runoff, Soil Erosion and Nutrient Loss on Forest-agriculture Landscape. J Trop Soils, 17 (3): 259-266. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.259][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.259]
Highlights
Nutrients loss due to surface runoff and soil erosion carried away from agriculture land is the main cause of soil degradation of agriculture land, on conventionally land management (Bertol et al 2003) and steep slope
Surface Runoff and Soil Erosion Surface runoff and soil erosion from agriculture land were higher than forest land
Surface runoff volume and soil erosion on young cocoa were significantly different than medium cocoa, even though values of accumulated data from September 2004 to May 2005 seemed hardly different
Summary
Nutrients loss due to surface runoff and soil erosion carried away from agriculture land is the main cause of soil degradation of agriculture land, on conventionally land management (Bertol et al 2003) and steep slope. Conventional land management is usually conducted by clearing weeds and litter of plants, hoeing and smoothing the soils, so that conventionally cultivated lands are characterized by clean, flat and smooth of soil surfaces. Conservation tillage is distinguished by conventional tillage due to presence of litter and crop residues in the soil surface and higher of surface roughness. The rate of surface runoff and soil erosion can be reduced, and nutrients loss will be lower in conservation tillage systems (King et al 1996)
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