Abstract
The present study sought to isolate a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS-F2) from Enterococcus sp. F2 through ethanol precipitation, anion-exchange, and gel-filtration chromatography and characterize the physicochemical properties by spectral techniques. EPS-F2 was identified as a neutral homo-exopolysaccharide composed of only glucose with a high molecular weight of 1.108 × 108 g/mol. It contained →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ linkage in the main chain and →3, 6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ branch chain). Moreover, EPS-F2 possessed excellent thermal stability (266.6°C), water holding capacity (882.5%), oil holding capacity (1867.76%), and emulsifying activity against various edible oils. The steady shear experiments exhibited stable pseudo plasticity under various conditions (concentrations, temperatures, and pHs). The dynamic oscillatory measurements revealed that EPS-F2 showed a liquid-like behavior at a low concentration (2.5%), while a solid-like behavior at high concentrations (3.0 and 3.5%). Overall, these results suggest that EPS-F2 could be a potential alternative source of functional additives and ingredients and be applied in food industries.
Highlights
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are high molecular weight carbohydrate polymers secreted to the extracellular matrix by various microorganisms
The absorption peak at 855.17 and 917.24 cm−1 indicated the presence of the α-configuration of pyranose glycosidic residues (Chen et al, 2013). These results suggested that EPS-F2 contained α-(1→6) linkages; this was further confirmed by the glycosidic bond type analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
The results showed that EPS-F2 had a high emulsifying ability in all tested oils, especially in soybean oil, palm oil, and olive oil
Summary
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are high molecular weight carbohydrate polymers secreted to the extracellular matrix by various microorganisms. The naturally occurring EPSs are environmentally safe with excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. These distinctive properties have increased the application of EPSs in various industries, such as food, pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetics, and chemical products (Hu et al, 2019). EPS structure and properties vary depending on their species, media ingredients, and culture conditions. Their functional and rheological properties vary in different industries, due to their glycosidic bonds, molecular weights, and functional groups
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