Characterization of stromal vascular fraction and adipose stem cells from subcutaneous, preperitoneal and visceral morbidly obese human adipose tissue depots.

Karina Ribeiro Silva,Isis Côrtes,Leandra Santos Baptista,Radovan Borojevic,Antônio Augusto Peixoto Souza,Clarissa Menezes Maya-Monteiro,João Regis Ivar Carneiro,Sally Liechocki,Yvonne Böttcher

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0174115

Abstract

Background/ObjectivesThe pathological condition of obesity is accompanied by a dysfunctional adipose tissue. We postulate that subcutaneous, preperitoneal and visceral obese abdominal white adipose tissue depots could have stromal vascular fractions (SVF) with distinct composition and adipose stem cells (ASC) that would differentially account for the pathogenesis of obesity.MethodsIn order to evaluate the distribution of SVF subpopulations, samples of subcutaneous, preperitoneal and visceral adipose tissues from morbidly obese women (n = 12, BMI: 46.2±5.1 kg/m2) were collected during bariatric surgery, enzymatically digested and analyzed by flow cytometry (n = 12). ASC from all depots were evaluated for morphology, surface expression, ability to accumulate lipid after induction and cytokine secretion (n = 3).ResultsA high content of preadipocytes was found in the SVF of subcutaneous depot (p = 0.0178). ASC from the three depots had similar fibroblastoid morphology with a homogeneous expression of CD34, CD146, CD105, CD73 and CD90. ASC from the visceral depot secreted the highest levels of IL-6, MCP-1 and G-CSF (p = 0.0278). Interestingly, preperitoneal ASC under lipid accumulation stimulus showed the lowest levels of all the secreted cytokines, except for adiponectin that was enhanced (p = 0.0278).ConclusionsASC from preperitoneal adipose tissue revealed the less pro-inflammatory properties, although it is an internal adipose depot. Conversely, ASC from visceral adipose tissue are the most pro-inflammatory. Therefore, ASC from subcutaneous, visceral and preperitoneal adipose depots could differentially contribute to the chronic inflammatory scenario of obesity.

Highlights

White adipose tissue has a central role in lipid and glucose metabolism, through production of a large number of hormones and cytokines that modulate of the systemic metabolism [1]
A high content of preadipocytes was found in the stromal vascular fractions (SVF) of subcutaneous depot (p = 0.0178)
adipose stem cells (ASC) from the visceral depot secreted the highest levels of IL-6, MCP-1 and G-CSF (p = 0.0278)

Summary

Introduction

White adipose tissue has a central role in lipid and glucose metabolism, through production of a large number of hormones and cytokines that modulate of the systemic metabolism [1]. The enhanced abdominal white adipose tissue, rather than the total body adipose tissue, is considered the major predictive feature for the development of a set of metabolic abnormalities known as the metabolic syndrome. Different visceral abdominal depots can be distinguished in humans: omental adipose tissue, which lines the surface of transverse colon and stomach; mesenteric adipose tissue, located deeper around intestines and retroperitoneal adipose tissue, associated to kidneys in the retroperitoneal compartment [5]. Besides the subcutaneous and visceral tissues, there is the preperitoneal adipose tissue depot [6], a less explored abdominal depot, located between the parietal peritoneum and the transversal fascia macroscopically distinct from the other adipose tissues, including from the deep subcutaneous adipose tissue [7]

Methods

Results

Conclusion