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Abstract
BackgroundStreptococcus pluranimalium is a new member of the Streptococcus genus isolated from multiple different animal hosts. It has been identified as a pathogen associated with subclinical mastitis, valvular endocarditis and septicaemia in animals. Moreover, this bacterium has emerged as a new pathogen for human infective endocarditis and brain abscess. However, the patho-biological properties of S. pluranimalium remain virtually unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the complete genome sequence of S. pluranimalium strain TH11417 isolated from a cattle with mastitis, and to characterize its antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and carbon catabolism.ResultsThe genome of S. pluranimalium TH11417, determined by single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing, consists of 2,065,522 base pair (bp) with a G + C content of 38.65%, 2,007 predicted coding sequence (CDS), 58 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and five ribosome RNA (rRNA) operons. It contains a novel ISSpl1 element (a memeber of the IS3 family) and a Ф11417.1 prophage that carries the mef(A), msr(D) and lnu(C) genes. Consistently, our antimicrobial susceptibility test confirmed that S. pluranimalium TH11417 was resistant to erythromycin and lincomycin. However, this strain did not show virulence in murine pneumonia (intranasal inoculation, 107 colony forming unit – CFU) and sepsis (intraperitoneal inoculation, 107 CFU) models. Additionally, this strain is able to grow with glucose, lactose or galactose as the sole carbon source, and possesses a lactose-specific phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS).ConclusionsWe reported the first whole genome sequence of S. pluranimalium isolated from a cattle with mastitis. It harbors a prophage carrying the mef(A), msr(D) and lnu(C) genes, and is avirulent in the murine infection model.
Highlights
Streptococcus pluranimalium is a new member of the Streptococcus genus isolated from multiple different animal hosts
Five genomic islands and two prophage regions were predicted by Island Viewer and PHAST, respectively
Phylogenetic analysis showed that S. hyovaginalis, S. thoraltensis, S. halotolerans, and S. pluranimalium form the pluranimalium group in the genus Streptococcus based on the distances calculated by approximately-maximum-likelihood algorithm (Fig. 2)
Summary
Streptococcus pluranimalium is a new member of the Streptococcus genus isolated from multiple different animal hosts It has been identified as a pathogen associated with subclinical mastitis, valvular endocarditis and septicaemia in animals. The aim of this study was to determine the complete genome sequence of S. pluranimalium strain TH11417 isolated from a cattle with mastitis, and to characterize its antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and carbon catabolism. The previous S. pluranimalium isolates are oftern characterized by protein mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA sequencing [1, 3, 8] Phylogenetic relationship of this species with the other members of the Streptococcus. The aim of this study was to sequence and analyze the whole genome of a S. pluranimalium isolated from a cattle with mastitis This strain was further evaluated, in terms of its antimicrobial resistance, virulence and carbon catabolism
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