Abstract
The aims of this study were to: a) determine the nasal carriage prevalence of Stahpylococcus aureus among HIV patients, b) to characterize S. aureus strains isolated. Characterization of S. aureus isolates was done by antibiotyping, spa typing, and detection of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes. S. aureus isolated (10/124; 8%) belonged to spa types t084 (n = 3), t10828 (n = 2), t311, t304, t774, t645, and t091. The isolates were resistant to penicillin (100%), tetracycline (40%), rifampicin (10%), fucidic acid (10%), norfloxacin (10%), erythromycin (10%), and sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim (10%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 30% of the isolates. The finding of MDR S. aureus among HIV-positive patients suggests that surveillance of antimicrobial resistant S. aureus among this patient group could be considered as an infection control measure in the hospital.
Highlights
The aims of this study were to: a) determine the nasal carriage prevalence of Stahpylococcus aureus among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients, b) to characterize S. aureus strains isolated
Data on antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus among HIV positive patients from Africa, the continent with the highest burden of HIV infection; often co-infected with tuberculosis [3] have mainly originated from Nigeria [2], South Africa [4,5] and Kenya [6]
The study from Nigeria indicated carriage prevalence of 33% and 5.6% of S. aureus and MRSA among HIVinfected patients [2]. These isolates were commonly resistant to potentiated sulfonamides; spa types t064 and t3772 were frequently detected among isolates with high (32%) occurrence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) from this patient group in this region
Summary
The aims of this study were to: a) determine the nasal carriage prevalence of Stahpylococcus aureus among HIV patients, b) to characterize S. aureus strains isolated. The study from Nigeria indicated carriage prevalence of 33% and 5.6% of S. aureus and MRSA among HIVinfected patients [2] These isolates were commonly resistant to potentiated sulfonamides; spa types t064 and t3772 were frequently detected among isolates with high (32%) occurrence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) from this patient group in this region. A recent study showed S. aureus and MRSA carriage prevalence of 14% and 10% among inpatients (not diagnosed with HIV) at Korle Bu teaching hospital in Ghana [8] In this same geographic setting, spa type t355 and t084 together with high prevalence of PVL (21-60%) were predominantly detected [8,9]. The objective of this study was to: i) determine the nasal carriage prevalence of S. aureus among HIV patients at the largest teaching hospital in Ghana, ii) to determine the antimicrobial resistance and clonal diversity of the colonizing S. aureus isolated
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