Abstract
Previous studies have investigated the potential atherogenicity and thrombogenicity of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants by isolating them from plasma within a remnant-like particle (RLP) fraction, using an immunoaffinity gel containing specific anti-apoB-100 and anti-apoA-I antibodies. In order to characterize lipoproteins in this RLP fraction and to determine to what extent their composition varies from one individual to another, we have used automated gel filtration chromatography to determine the size heterogeneity of RLP isolated from normolipidemic control subjects (n = 8), and from type III (n = 6) and type IV (n = 9) hyperlipoproteinemic patients, who by selection had similarly elevated levels of plasma triglyceride (406 ± 43 and 397 ± 35 mg/dl, respectively). Plasma RLP triglyceride, cholesterol, apoB, apoC-III, and apoE concentrations were elevated 2- to 6-fold (P < 0.05) in hyperlipoproteinemic patients compared to controls. RLP fractions of type III patients were enriched in cholesterol and apoE compared to those of type IV patients, and RLP of type IV patients were enriched in triglyceride and apoC-III relative to those of normolipidemic subjects. In normolipidemic subjects, the majority of RLP had a size similar to LDL or HDL. The RLP of hyperlipoproteinemic patients were, however, larger and were similar in size to TRL, or were intermediate in size (i.e., ISL) between that of TRL and LDL. Compared to controls, ISL in the RLP fraction of type III patients were enriched in apoE relative to apoC-III, whereas in type IV patients they were enriched in apoC-III relative to apoE. These results demonstrate that: 1) RLP are heterogeneous in size and composition in both normolipidemic and hypertriglyceridemic subjects, and 2) the apoE and apoC-III composition of RLP is different in type III compared to type IV hyperlipoproteinemic patients.—Marcoux, C., M. Tremblay, K. Nakajima, J. Davignon, and J. S. Cohn. Characterization of remnant-like particles isolated by immunoaffinity gel from the plasma of type III and type IV hyperlipoproteinemic patients. J. Lipid Res. 1999. 40: 636–647.
Highlights
Previous studies have investigated the potential atherogenicity and thrombogenicity of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants by isolating them from plasma within a remnant-like particle (RLP) fraction, using an immunoaffinity gel containing specific anti-apoB-100 and antiapoA-I antibodies
The potential atherogenicity and thrombogenicity of remnant-like particles (RLP) have been investigated in a number of studies [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23], acceptance of this methodology for measuring the plasma concentration of remnant lipoproteins, and for using this measurement to predict the presence of coronary disease [18, 19], depends upon a better understanding of the type of lipoprotein particles isolated in this remnant lipoprotein fraction
The objective of the present study was to characterize the lipoprotein composition of RLP isolated from the plasma of normolipidemic subjects, and to compare these results with those obtained from hypertriglyceridemic subjects, who did or did not have significant plasma remnant lipoprotein accumulation
Summary
Previous studies have investigated the potential atherogenicity and thrombogenicity of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants by isolating them from plasma within a remnant-like particle (RLP) fraction, using an immunoaffinity gel containing specific anti-apoB-100 and antiapoA-I antibodies. A more quantitative and clinically applicable assay has been developed, whereby remnant-like particles (RLP) are separated from plasma by immunoaffinity chromatography with a gel containing an anti-apoA-I and a specific anti-apoB-100 monoclonal antibody ( JI-H) [7, 8]. The former antibody recognizes all high density lipoproteins (HDL) containing apoA-I, while the latter antibody recognizes all apoB-100-containing lipoproteins, except partially lipolyzed TRL remnants.
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