Abstract
Dogue de Bordeaux dog has been reported to be predisposed to a familial glomerulonephropathy that displays some morphological modifications reported in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Prevalence of quantitatively abnormal renal proteinuria was recently reported to be 33% in this breed. The nature of the proteinuria was assessed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis and determinations of urinary markers (urinary retinol-binding protein, urinary N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, urinary albumin and urinary immunoglobulin G) on stored specimens. Diagnostic performances of sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis to identify dogs with elevated urinary biomarkers were assessed. Samples from 102 adult Dogue de Bordeaux dogs (47 non-proteinuric [urine protein-to-creatinine ratio≤0.2], 20 borderline-proteinuric [0.2< urine protein-to-creatinine ratio ≤0.5] and 35 proteinuric dogs [urine protein-to-creatinine ratio >0.5]) were used, of which 2 were suffering from familial glomerulonephropathy. The electrophoretic protein patterns, for all but one proteinuric dog, were indicative of a glomerular origin and, in all dogs, the urinary albumin concentration related to creatinine concentration and the urinary immunoglobulin G concentration related to creatinine concentration were above the upper limit of the reference interval established for the breed. Sensitivity and specificity of sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis identifying dogs with elevated urinary albumin concentration were 94% and 92%, respectively, while diagnostic performance of sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis in detecting dogs with elevated urinary immunoglobulin G concentration yielded sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 74%, respectively. These results suggest that all proteinuric and some borderline-proteinuric Dogue de Bordeaux dogs likely have underlying glomerular lesions and that sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis and urinary markers might be useful to screen dogs with borderline-proteinuria. Additional investigations are warranted to assess if these findings are related to the familial glomerulonephropathy.
Highlights
Dogue de Bordeaux (DDB) dogs can be affected by a familial glomerulonephropathy (GN) that can rapidly lead to end-stage renal failure [1]
As proteinuria is one of the earliest modifications found in some canine familial glomerular diseases [3,4], such proteinuric DDB dogs could be affected by a subclinical form of familial GN
Considering the 100 clinically healthy dogs, the only LMWb observed was located at approximately 25 kDa (Fig 4); this band was obtained after analyzing urine from 25 entire male dogs
Summary
Dogue de Bordeaux (DDB) dogs can be affected by a familial glomerulonephropathy (GN) that can rapidly lead to end-stage renal failure [1]. A recent observational cross-sectional prospective study revealed that among a cohort of 100 clinically healthy adult DDB dogs, 2 were suffering from proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD), while a spot urine sample revealed proteinuria in 33 dogs [2]. As proteinuria is one of the earliest modifications found in some canine familial glomerular diseases [3,4], such proteinuric DDB dogs could be affected by a subclinical form of familial GN. Lesions in affected animals are characterized by expansion of the matrix, together with focal and segmental distribution, suggesting that primary abnormalities are located in the mesangium. Similar morphological modifications are reported in human focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) [1]. FSGS has only been described sporadically in dogs [5]
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