Abstract
The stabilization of fruit bagasse by drying and milling technology is a valuable processing technology to improve its durability and preserve its valuable biologically active components. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lyophilization and air temperature (60 °C and 70 °C) in hot air-drying as well as grinding conditions (coarse or fine granulometry) on physico-chemical properties; water interaction capacity; antioxidant properties; and carotenoid content of powdered lulo bagasse. Air-drying kinetics at 60 °C and 70 °C and sorption isotherms at 20 °C were also determined. Results showed that drying conditions influence antioxidant properties and carotenoid content while granulometry slightly influenced fiber and water interaction properties. Fiber content was near 50% and carotenoid content was higher than 60 µg/g dry matter in lyophilized powder. This β-carotene content is comparable to that provided by carrot juice. Air-drying at 60 °C only reduced carotenoids content by 10%.
Highlights
Lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam) is one of the most important tropical fruits in Colombia
An effect of air temperature on until the product reaches an almost constant weight, which corresponds to a humidity close to 2%
Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fiber [38], a daily dietary intake of at least 25 g of fiber is recommended
Summary
Lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam) is one of the most important tropical fruits in Colombia. Lulo fruit has raised much interest in the global market due to its organoleptic characteristics, pleasant aroma, acidic and refreshing taste [2] and its high content of bioactive components such as fiber, minerals (phosphorus, calcium, iron), vitamins C), and other specific compounds (carotenes, lutein, zeaxanthin, chlorogenic acid, and bioactive amines) [3]. A recent study has demonstrated the antihypertensive effect of compounds present in its juice and responsible for its bitter taste. These compounds are identified as bioactive amines N1 , N4 , N8 -tris-(Dihydrocafeoyl), spermidine, and N1 , N8 -bis-(Dihydrocafeoyl) spermidine [4]
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