Characterization of polysaccharides from cystocarpic and tetrasporic stages of Sub-Antarctic Iridaea cordata

Abstract

The polysaccharide systems from cystocarpic and tetrasporic phases of the Sub-Antarctic algae Iridaea cordata were studied. Cystocarpic plant polysaccharides are mainly composed by carrageenans of the κ–family. However, agaran structures were also detected in the fraction soluble in 2.00 M KCl, after fractionation with increasing potassium chloride solutions. The presence of β-d-galactose-α-l-galactose 3-sulfate, β-d-galactose-α-l-galactose 6-sufate, β-d-galactose 6-sulfate-α-l-galactose 6-sufate, and of β-d-galactose 4-sulfate-α-l-galactose 2,3-disulfate diads was confirmed by means of methylation and NMR spectroscopy analyses; the latter diad has been scarcely reported. The first extracts from tetrasporic plants rendered a pure λ-carrageenan with considerable yield, which confers this species promising commercial applications. In some cystocarpic and tetrasporic extracts α-glucose was also found and assigned to floridean starch by 1H-13C HSQC NMR spectroscopy.