Abstract
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common complication in patients with coronary arteriography, and oxidative stress is involved in the CIN pathogenesis. Sargassum fusiforme (SF) is a brown seaweed with medicinal value, and its polysaccharides have good antioxidant activity. In this study, the crude polysaccharides (cSFP-C) were extracted by cold water, precipitated by ethanol, purified by CaCl2, and detected with high contents of sulfate radical and fucose. cSFP-C is composed of glucose, glucuronic acid, xylose, rhamnose, mannose, galactose, and fucose with a molar ratio of 1.0 : 0.4 : 5.6 : 1.2 : 1.7 : 12.3 : 56.1. The cSFP-C has the typical absorption of polysaccharides. Antioxidation assays in vitro showed that cSFP-C exhibited superoxide radical scavenging activity which was better than the hot water-extracted crude polysaccharides (cSFP-H). 20 rats were divided into 4 groups (n=5): sham group; CIN group; CIN+cSFP-C group, and cSFP-C group. The CIN+cSFP-C group and cSFP-C group were pretreated intragastrically with cSFP-C at a dose of 9.45 g/kg twice daily for 5 consecutive days. Then, the CIN group and CIN+cSFP-C group were given indomethacin to develop CIN. The in vivo results showed that cSFP-C could decrease blood creatinine and urea nitrogen, inhibiting pathological injury in the renal tissues. The MDA content of renal tissues was decreased, while the activity of SOD was increased. The crude sulfated polysaccharides extracted from S. fusiforme have a renoprotective effect on oxidative stress to alleviate the kidney injury in CIN rats.
Highlights
With the raised morbidity of coronary atherosclerosis heart diseases, and the marked progress in intravascular interventional radiology, the volume of patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been growing significantly, with the number of PCI centers [1] increasing to 21.2% during 2003~2011
This study reports on the preparation of fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme (SF), evaluation in antioxidant defense in vitro, and the antioxidative effects against contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in vivo
The total sugar was the major constituent of cSFP-C, achieving 85.5%, with small amounts of protein at 0.3%
Summary
With the raised morbidity of coronary atherosclerosis heart diseases, and the marked progress in intravascular interventional radiology, the volume of patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been growing significantly, with the number of PCI centers [1] increasing to 21.2% during 2003~2011. Among the complications of PCI, the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) ranges from 3% to approximately 30% [2, 3], which has become the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI) following nephrotoxic drugs and renal perfusion insufficiency [4, 5]. After CIN occurs, the hospital days, the dialysis population, and the late cardiovascular events increase. There is still lack of therapeutic measures to reverse CIN. The commonly used agents are iodine contrasts in PCI, which are mostly unchanged passing through the kidneys into the urine, so as to have a damaging effect on the kidneys. The mechanisms of CIN have not been completely elucidated currently. Previous studies reported that CIN is a complex pathological process related to multiple pathological cascades. Oxidative stress [6, 7], renal ischemia [8], endothelial dysfunction [9], inflammation [10, 11], apoptosis [12,13,14], and tubular transport dysfunction [15] may be involved
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