Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of flakes rice made pigmented and non-pigmented glutinous rice grain on chemical composition, fatty acid, amino acid, dietary fiber, and antioxidant properties. Flakes glutinous rice (FGR) made glutinous rice grain that has been pre-roasted and then flattened. This product contains an endosperm and rice bran layer. So that, it is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds that have antioxidant properties that are beneficial to health. The process of making flakes rice is carried out in four stages, that is the process of soaking, roasting, flattening, and sifting process. The grain used in this study are pigmented (red and black) and non-pigmented glutinous rice grains. The results showed that black FGR contained higher ash content, crude protein, dietary fiber, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, γ-oryzanol, anthocyanins, and antioxidants activity. Meanwhile, white FGR is highest in fat, carbohydrate, and amylose content amongst others. Furthermore, FGR is rich in essential fatty acids (oleic and linoleic), glutamic acid, essential amino acids (Leucine, Arginine, and Phenylalanine). In conclusion, pigmented FGR has higher nutritional value, antioxidant properties, and antioxidants activity than non-pigmented FGR.
Highlights
Rice is the staple food for Indonesian people
The lowest protein content is found in red Flakes glutinous rice (FGR) and the lowest ash content is in white FGR
The three types of FGR contain all types of essential amino acids needed by the body
Summary
Rice is the staple food for Indonesian people. Various methods have been used to produce rice that is suitable for consumption and has high nutritional value, one of which is the direct processing of grains into flakes rice (Roy et al, 2011; Kumar et al, 2016; Dahare et al, 2019). Flakes rice is made of non-glutinous and non-pigmented rice grains and this product can be made with glutinous rice grain (pigmented or non-pigmented), and can be called flakes glutinous rice. Flakes glutinous rice (FGR) is flake rice made glutinous rice grains that have been pre-roasted and flattened. In West SumatraIndonesia, FGR is known as ampiang (Kurniawan, 2015). It is usually made from pigmented (red) and non-pigmented glutinous rice grain
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