Abstract
Combined high-resolution AES and EDX studies have been performed of a number of industrial phosphate conversion layers on steel in order to determine the importance of the surface composition for the corrosion protection of the phosphated steel. The well-known Cr(III) rinse of zinc-iron phosphate which improves its long-term paint adhesion performance was found to result in an exchange of Zn 2+ with Cr 3+ ions in the surface layers of the crystals. Corrosion improvement is caused by a slower rate of attack of the Cr-containing crystals due to the low solubility of CrP0 4 in aqueous media. A commercial calcium-zinc-iron phosphate system was studied for corrosion resistance in relation to its conditions of formation. Phosphate layers with optimum corrosion resistance were found to have a strongly enriched iron content in the surface layers.
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