Abstract
BackgroundZiziphus mauritiana belongs to family of Rhamnaceae, is an improved fast-growing variety of plum and seasonal fruit which is very popular and commonly known as “BAU Kul” in Bangladesh. This study was designed to evaluate the medicinal values of seed and stem bark extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana.MethodsAntioxidant, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities were characterized using in-vitro methods and anti-diarrheal, analgesic and hypoglycemic activities were evaluated in Swiss albino male mice. The coarse powder of the plant parts were extracted with methanol and methanol portion of the extract was evaporated naturally under room temperature. Then the dried plant extracts were undergone for subsequent investigation.ResultsTotal phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity of stem bark extract were higher than seed extract. Both extracts had similar DPPH (IC50 of seed 4.53 μg/ml and stem bark 4.13 μg/ml) and NO (IC50 of seed 5.92 μg/ml and stem bark 5.47 μg/ml) free radicals scavenging potential and seed extract was most cytotoxic (LC50 = 1.467 μg/ml). Stem bark extract showed higher thrombolytic and anti-inflammatory potential, and also exhibited 14 mm zone of inhibition against S. aureus. Stem bark extract showed highest anti-diarrheal (75.68% defecation inhibition, p˂ 0.001), analgesic (68.63%writhing inhibition, p˂0.001) and hypoglycemic activity (44.27% blood glucose reduction after 3 h, p˂0.001) at 400 mg/kg body weight dose.ConclusionThis study confirms good medicinal properties of selected plant parts. Further studies on isolation and characterization of its bioactive compounds are highly required.
Highlights
The biological resource of nature such as plants, animals and microorganisms can be used for social, environmental and therapeutic purposes
Antioxidant properties Determination of total phenol content The stem bark extract had highest amount of total phenol content (69.591 ± 0.92 mg/g of Gallic acid equivalents (GAE)) than seed extract (62.475 ± 0.39 mg/g GAE), which was calculated from the regression equation of the calibration curve (y = 0.0069x-0.0341 and R2 = 0.9961) of reference standard gallic acid (Table 3)
Traditional botanical knowledge and experience can be useful for the biologists, and these are relevant for anthropologist, Fig. 1 Curve of DPPH scavenging of Z. mauritiana at different concentrations
Summary
The biological resource of nature such as plants, animals and microorganisms can be used for social, environmental and therapeutic purposes. Wide ranges of pharmacological activities are recorded for many medicinal plants globally. Medicinal plants are the nature’s gift to human beings to help them pursue a disease-free healthy life [1]. “BAU Kul” is known as Ziziphus mauritiana and belongs to family of Rhamnaceae. “BAU Kul” is a newly improved fast-growing variety of plum and sweet seasonal fruit which is very popular to the consumers of Bangladesh. The seed and stem bark parts of Ziziphus mauritiana were included in our present study because there are very limited reports on the selected plant parts. Ziziphus mauritiana belongs to family of Rhamnaceae, is an improved fast-growing variety of plum and seasonal fruit which is very popular and commonly known as “BAU Kul” in Bangladesh. This study was designed to evaluate the medicinal values of seed and stem bark extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana
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