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Abstract
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) and some countries have gradually strengthened the laws regulating ship exhaust emissions. The aim of this paper is to estimate the impact of an after-treatment technology exhaust gas cleaning (EGC) system on marine diesel engine emissions and the cost advantage compared to using low-sulfur fuel oil. The emission characteristics of SO2 and particulate matter (PM) produced from high sulfur oil and low sulfur oil in a low-speed two-stroke marine diesel engine were also presented. The removal efficiency of SO2 has been tested and the PM removal efficiency was also predicted in this study. When using high sulfur oil, the emission factor of SO2 and PM were from 8.73 g/kWh to 11.6 g/kWh and 2.0 g/kWh to 2.7 g/kWh, respectively. These values are significantly higher than the emission values from using low sulfur oil. The fuel sulfur content (FSC) was the key factor affecting the emission factors of SO2 and PM. The fuel change could reduce the mass emission factor of PM, which is above 90% for the total particle emission with the two fuels. When using the EGC system, the desulfurization efficiencies were above 99%. The pH values at a 25, 39, 53, and 67% load were also stabilized to be around 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, and 8, respectively. The EGC system can also capture part of the primary PM and secondary PM formed from SO2. The EGC system was more effective for PM of the size larger than 1 μm. Thus, according to this study, the usage of low sulfur oil and EGC will also substantially decrease the emission of currently unregulated hazardous chemical species in the exhaust gas of ships in addition to satisfying future emissions regulations of ship. Furthermore, the EGC system also had a significant cost advantage compared to using low-sulfur fuel oil.
Highlights
Maritime transport accounts for a large proportion of the transportation industry
This study presents the impact of the after-treatment technology exhaust gas cleaning (EGC)
The analyzers were equipped with chemiluminescence detection (CLD), non-dispersive infrared sensor were analyzed by non-dispersive infrared x sensor (NDIR) with fluid modulation
Summary
Maritime transport accounts for a large proportion of the transportation industry. the resulting gaseous and particle emissions from ships pose a threat to public health and the environment [1,2]. The emissions of ships considerably contribute to the levels of ambient air pollutants [3,4,5] This is especially the case with the recent usage of low-grade heavy fuel oil (HFO), which has the advantage of low price compared to other types of fuel. HFO includes some sulfur and is mainly used to power ships that have low-speed diesel engines installed. To solve the sulfur and PM emission problems in ships, using low-sulfur fuel oil (or LNG and other cleaning fuels) [22,23] or installing exhaust gas cleaning (EGC) systems have been suggested. System on marine diesel engine emissions and the advantages in terms of cost compared to using low-sulfur fuel oil. The economic comparison of using the EGC system and low-sulfur oil was a major research goal
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