Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the mineralogy, petrography, geochemistry and petrogensis of the basaltic flows in Jurf Ed Darawish (JDB) area of central Jordan. Sexton representative basalt rock samples were selected from the studied JDB outcrops. Modally, JDB consists of plagioclase, olivine, pyroxene (diopside), opaque’s, calcite and iddingsite minerals. Petrographically, basalt is holocrystalline, hypidiomorphic fine to medium grained and exhibited aphanitic to porphyritic texture. The common textures of the JDB rock samples were aphanitic, porphyritic, trachytic, glomeroporphyritic, sub ophitic, vesicular, and amygdaloidal. Geochemically, all of the inspected samples of JDB are located within Trachy basalt and plate alkaline basalt. The tectonic setting of JDB was plotted within the calcalkaline basalt and continental basaltic field. The rare-earth elements showed enrichment of the Ba and K, depletion of Ce relative to K, and enrichment of Nb and Pb with depletion of Y and positive Nb, Zr and Ti anomalies. Negative anomalies of Ba, Sr, Ti and P may be attributed to the fractionation of feldspar for Ba and Sr depletion apatite for P depletion. The positive Nb peak conforms to the tertiary as well as to recent continental alkali basalt provinces and acts as an indicator to the JDB product for the lithosphere from upwelling of the asthenosphere mantle.
Highlights
The basalt in Jordan occurs as sporadic volcanic centers along the eastern side of the Dead Sea [1]
The basalt is associated with continental rifting and in caption of the Dead Sea boundary, and it is found between magmatism and tectonic activities that have produced melted generation into fissure system [3]
The volcanism occurs at the western margin of the Arabian plate and has been tectonically controlled by the Arabian plate movement, which moved northwards along the Dead Sea transform fault
Summary
The basalt in Jordan occurs as sporadic volcanic centers along the eastern side of the Dead Sea [1]. The basalt is associated with continental rifting and in caption of the Dead Sea boundary, and it is found between magmatism and tectonic activities that have produced melted generation into fissure system [3]. The relationship between the magmatism and tectonics of the intraplate volcanism has been reported by [4], indicating that alkaline volcanism in Jordan is similar to the Arabian intraplate volcanic fields, which erupt through two main fissure systems along the eastern margin of the Dead Sea rift in the east-west direction [3] [5]. The eruptions of basaltic flows in Jordan are classified and distributed into four groups; first: Central Jordan Basalt (basalt volcanoes within the rift); second: South Jordan Basalt (the eastern margin basalt) and third: Northeast Jordan basalt, Harrat Al-Sham (plateau basalt) [1], and fourth group is the Northeast basalt (Harrat Irbid) [7]. The flows have been composed of wadi fills or individual volcanic bodies (cones, plugs, and dikes) [8] [9]
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