Abstract
To contribute to the sustainable management of the plant formations of Martap, it was a question for us to first of all know its composition and structure of before elaborating a suitable development plan. A floristic inventory in five plant formations (protected savannah, wooded savannah, exploited savannah, pasture and gallery forest) of 15 ha was carried out in four villages (Bawa, Maloua, Lissey-Mayo and Marko) of the said Martap Council. Over an area of 15 ha, 6105 individuals were collected belonging to 31 species, 21 genera and 15 families. The most represented species are the following: Daniellia oliveri, Terminalia macroptera, Annona senegalensis, Piliostigma thonningii, Ficus glumosa, Zanthoxylum xanthozyloides, Harungana madagascarensis, Syzygium guineense var. macrocarpum, Hymenocardia acida, Terminalia glaucescens, Lophira lanceolata, Sarcocephalus latipholius, Combretum nigricans. The horizontal distribution of the vegetation represented in class shows that the first class (]0-1[) is the one with the largest number of individuals (2844 individuals). The Shannon index varies from 1.74 to 2.26 bit; while Pielou’s fairness varies rather from 0.13 to 0.78. It is clear that overexploitation is real, it is amplified by population growth in this locality, and this results in the presence of a large number of small species. It would be wiser in the days to come to develop successful projects within the planning framework to meet this challenge.
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