Characterization of Marangoni Forced Convection in Casson Nanoliquid Flow with Joule Heating and Irreversibility.

Muhammad Adil Sadiq,Tasawar Hayat

doi:10.3390/e22040433

Abstract

The Marangoni forced convective inclined magnetohydrodynamic flow is examined. Marangoni forced convection depends on the differences in surface pressure computed by magnetic field, temperature, and concentration gradient. Casson nanoliquid flow by an infinite disk is considered. Viscous dissipation, heat flux, and Joule heating are addressed in energy expressions. Thermophoresis and Brownian motion are also examined. Entropy generation is computed. The physical characteristics of entropy optimization with Arrhenius activation energy are discussed. Nonlinear PDE’s are reduced to highly nonlinear ordinary systems with appropriate transformations. A nonlinear system is numerically computed by the NDSolve technique. The salient characteristics of velocity, temperature, concentration, entropy generation, and Bejan number are explained. The computational results of the heat-transfer rate and concentration gradient are examined through tables. Velocity and temperature have reverse effects for the higher approximation of the Marangoni number. Velocity is a decreasing function of the Casson fluid parameter. Temperature is enhanced for higher radiation during reverse hold for concentration against the Marangoni number. The Bejan number and entropy generation have similar effects for Casson fluid and radiation parameters. For a higher estimation of the Brinkman number, the entropy optimization is augmented.

Highlights

An investigation of Marangoni forced convection is of great interest for the dissipative boundary layer between a two-phase liquid flow like liquid–liquid and gas–liquid interfaces
Marangoni convection depends on the difference in surface pressure determined by the concentration gradient, magnetic field, and temperature gradient
There is a reduction in velocity for a higher Casson fluid parameter and magnetic field

Summary

Introduction

An investigation of Marangoni forced convection is of great interest for the dissipative boundary layer between a two-phase liquid flow like liquid–liquid and gas–liquid interfaces. Marangoni convection depends on the difference in surface pressure determined by the concentration gradient, magnetic field, and temperature gradient. These gradients occur when the liquid boundary layer has different characteristics. Few significant applications of the Marangoni forced convection impact include thin-film stretching, material sciences, applied physics, silicon wafers, nanotechnology, semiconductor processing, soap films, etc. Heat transfer in the Marangoni boundary layer flow is comprehensively deliberated. The magnetohydrodynamic Marangoni convection flow of Casson axisymmetric nanomaterials with Joule heating is presented by Shafiq et al [1]

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion