Characterization of main components in Xiao'er Xiaoji Zhike oral liquid by UPLC-MS and their taste evaluation

Chunying Wu,Ou Tao,Xueyan Zhan,Shuyu Wang

doi:10.1590/fst.82521

Abstract

This paper provided a method for determining the potential quality markers in Xiao'er Xiaoji Zhike oral liquid (XXZOL) based on the concordant tastes of compounds with their respective originated Chinese medicinal pieces. UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS technology was used to identify the main chemical constituents in XXZOL. The electronic tongue collected the electronic responses of the sour, bitter, sweet, pungent, and salty sample solutions, and the discriminant factor analysis (DFA) model was established to recognize the taste characteristics of 23 liquid samples. Fifteen high content ingredients in XXZOL were identified by UPLC-MS, and the established DFA model recognized their respective tastes. The accurate recognition rate of the DFA model was 73.33%, the false rate was 6.67%, and the unrecognized rate was 20%. The concordance rate of their authentic tastes with the tastes of their respective originated Chinese medicinal pieces was 78.57%. Trigonelline, malic acid, citric acid, and caffeic acid were the potential sour material bases of XXZOL. Mannitol was the potential sweet material basis of XXZOL. L-phenylalanine, sinapine, forsythoside I, pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, naringin, and neohesperidin were the potential bitter material bases of XXZOL. So the above 11 main compounds were the potential quality markers of XXZOL.

Highlights

The electronic senses electronically reproduce the responses similar to the five senses presenting in human beings, such as electronic eye (Orlandi et al, 2018), electronic ear, electronic skin (Zhang et al, 2020b), electronic tongue (e-tongue) (Toko,1998) and electronic nose (Mohd Ali et al, 2020)
Sensor array imitates the taste cells in taste buds that interact with the flavorful substance and transmit the taste information to nerve fibers and the relevant areas in the central nervous system (CNS) (Pandurangan & Hwang, 2015)
The high-resolution accurate mass and major mass spectrometry (MS)/MS fragments of the above 15 main compounds were presented in Table 2, and the mass relative errors between the theoretical mass and measured mass of 15 main compounds were all smaller than 5 ppm, and the MS/MS fragments measured of each compound existed rationally and accorded with the MS/ MS fragments reported in the works of literature

Summary

Introduction

The electronic senses electronically reproduce the responses similar to the five senses presenting in human beings, such as electronic eye (Orlandi et al, 2018), electronic ear, electronic skin (Zhang et al, 2020b), electronic tongue (e-tongue) (Toko,1998) and electronic nose (Mohd Ali et al, 2020) These electronic sensory technologies can be used alone (Gan et al, 2019; Pascual et al, 2018; Nategh et al, 2021) or combined (Orlandi et al, 2019; Banerjee et al, 2019; Xu et al, 2019) to achieve experimental purposes. The e-tongue system has good applications in quality monitoring of Chinese medicinal pieces (Shi et al, 2018), origins identification (Wu et al, 2018) and harvest period determination of herbal medicines, and the evaluation of the pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (Bi et al, 2020), such as correcting or masking the taste of the decoction from TCM (Lin et al, 2016; Feng et al, 2019)

Methods

Results

Conclusion