Characterization of leaves and flowers volatile constituents of Lantana camara growing in central region of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The chemical components of essential oils derived from leaves and flowers of Lantana camara growing in Saudi Arabia are analyzed for the first time using gas chromatography techniques (GC–MS, GC–FID, Co-GC, LRI determination, and database and literature searches) on two different stationary phase columns (polar and nonpolar). This analysis led to the identification of total 163 compounds from leaves and flowers oils. 134 compounds were identified in the oil obtained from leaves of L. camara, whereas 127 compounds were identified in the oil obtained from flowers; these compounds account for 96.3% and 95.3% of the oil composition, respectively. The major components in the oil from leaves were cis-3-hexen-1-ol (11.3%), 1-octen-3-ol (8.7%), spathulenol (8.6%), caryophyllene oxide (7.5%) and 1-hexanol (5.8%). In contrast, the major compounds in the flowers oil were caryophyllene oxide (10.6%), β-caryophyllene (9.7%), spathulenol (8.6%), γ-cadinene (5.6%) and trans-β-farnesene (5.0%). To the best of our knowledge, cis-3-hexen-1-ol and 1-octen-3-ol that were identified as major components in this study have not been reported earlier from Lantana oils.