Abstract
The surface properties between two non-miscible fluids are key elements to understand mass transfer, chemistry and bio-chemistry at interfaces. In this paper, surface properties are investigated in evaporating and non-evaporating conditions. A capillary bridge between two large plates (similar to a Hele-Shaw cell) is considered. The temporal evolution of surface forces and mass transfers due to evaporation of the liquid are measured. The force depends on surface properties of the substrate. It is adhesive in the wetting case and repulsive in the non-wetting case. The force is also shown to depend linearly on the volume of the capillary bridge F ∝ V0 and inversely to the height of the bridge. Modelling is performed to characterize both surface force and evaporation properties of the capillary bridge. The evaporation is shown to be diffusion driven and is decoupled from the bridge mechanics.
Highlights
Interface phenomena have been extensively studied since the seminal works of Plateau [1] and Rayleigh [2]
The first step is to measure the effect of geometry and substrate properties on the force generated by a capillary bridge in negligible evaporation conditions
The second step is to measure the force of a capillary bridge when evaporation occurs
Summary
Interface phenomena have been extensively studied since the seminal works of Plateau [1] and Rayleigh [2]. The shape of a liquid interface is described by the Young–Laplace equation This equation is not easy to solve even in the case of an axi-symmetric liquid bridge between two parallel plates, which is one of the simplest cases to study interfaces. This classroom case has given birth to an abundant bibliography mixing theoretical works as well as experimental ones [3].
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