Abstract
Household solid waste (HSW) stream is becoming problematic due to the threat they posed to the environment and public health. Application of inefficient and insufficient management strategies results in unsegregated HSW which are burnt, or left to undergo biological or physicochemical transformation which affects the atmospheric ambient air quality of the environment. In this study, waste streams were characterized in a block multi-stage and stratified randomized post-monthly study, comprising of 100-domestic unit. Comparatively, the mass composition of garbage (food) waste streams was 211.50kg (40.82%) in dry season, and 285.70kg (42.81%) in wet season. Plastic/rubber wastes, had values of 127.00kg (24.51%) and 138.01kg (20.68%) in dry and wet seasons respectively. Similarly, paper waste stream was 70.30kg (13.56%) in dry season and 98.41kg (1476.68%) in wet season. Furthermore, glass/ceramic waste had seasonal values of 56.20kg (10.85%) for dry season and 62.59kg (9.37%) for wet season. Furthermore, the composition of metal and wood waste streams per 100 domestic units in dry/wet season were reported as; 29.50kg (5.70%)/39.40 (5.90%) for metals; and 12.70kg (2.45%)/24.23 (3.63%) for wood. Other unclassified and special wastes streams which includes but not limited to ashes, sand, stones, clothes were reported to have values of 10.90kg (2.10%) in dry season and 19.00kg (2.85%) in wet season. Disposal of uncharacterized HSW is hazardous and pose grave consequences to the environment, we therefore urge the populace to desist from reckless disposal of HSWs and also urge Government to formulate policies the will enhance safe disposal of wastes for the effective reuse and recycling.
Highlights
The problems posed by improper and ineffective management of Municipal Solid Wastes/Household Solid Wastes (HSW/MSWs) has become an issue of global concern over the past decades
A previous study on MSWs streams in Nigeria, showed that waste stream densities ranges from ranges from 280 370 kg/m3 [9], with daily rates of about 0.44 - 0.66 kg/capital/day, resulting to an annual generation of 25 million tons [10]
A total of 100 domestic units consisting of a four-block area of 25 unit each (Edepie, Opolo, Biogbolo and Amarata), were randomly selected for the survey
Summary
The problems posed by improper and ineffective management of Municipal Solid Wastes/Household Solid Wastes (HSW/MSWs) has become an issue of global concern over the past decades. The magnitude of waste stream has acquired some abrupt dimensions [1, 2], with corresponding ineffective and inadequate management strategies [3, 4], including insufficient funding on the part of Government [5, 6]. The magnitude of commercialization, industrialization and population expansion of most cities all over the world has had its attendant adverse effects on the environment due to poor ameliorative strategies [7, 8]. Nigerian urban population density has witnessed an abrupt rise due to rural-urban migration, largely necessitated by yearning of the populace to keep abreast or understand contemporary technological
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