Characterization of growth patterns and carcass characteristics of male and female broilers from four commercial strains fed high or low density diets

Abstract

Over the last few decades, the poultry industry has seen the emergence of various market segments that are beneficial for rearing various flock sizes. Two concurrent experiments consisting of 1,200 broilers each were conducted to evaluate the effects of broiler size and diet on the performance of four commercially available broiler strains, including 2 standard yielding (SY) and 2 high yielding (HY) strains. Within each experiment (Experiment 1: males, Experiment 2: females), a small bird (38 and 40 d processing) and big bird (47 and 54 d processing) debone market were targeted to give variable carcass size. Two polyphasic diets were fed based on varying of amino acid densities. The low-density diet (L) consisted of 1.20, 1.10, 1.00, and 0.96% digestible Lys and the high-density diet (H) consisted of 1.32, 1.21, 1.10, and 1.06% across the 4-phases, respectively, with similar essential amino acid to digestible Lys ratios between the L and H diets in each phase. Weekly BW, BW gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were assessed, as well as processing yields during both experiments. Broilers fed the H diets responded better than those fed the L diets, regardless of sex, with increased BW and decreased FCR (P < 0.05). Male HY strains provided the highest carcass yields (P < 0.05) compared to SY strains, with no differences observed in females (P > 0.05). High density diets (Diet H) also produced increases in carcass, breast, and tender yield (P < 0.05) for males, but that trend was not present in carcass yield for females (P < 0.05). Overall, strain impacted performance traits and carcass yields. Therefore, the use of specific strains and amino acid density for various market segments is beneficial for integrators to maximize return.