Abstract
Guar gum is an important raw material in the food, textile and oil industries, but the biosynthesis of guar gum remains unclear. To illuminate the genes involved in guar gum biosynthesis, guar beans from 30 and 40 days after flowering (DAF) were used for RNA sequencing in this study. A total of 2,535 and 2,724 preferentially expressed genes were found in 30 and 40 DAF endosperm, and 3,720 and 2,530 preferentially expressed genes were found in 30 and 40 DAF embryos, respectively. Of these, mannan synthase genes, α-galactosyltransferase genes and cellulose synthase genes were preferentially expressed in the endosperm from 30 and 40 DAF. The high expression level of these glycometabolism genes in endosperm is consistent with the expectation that the main component of guar gum is galactomannan. We believe that genes related to guar gum biosynthesis found in this study will be useful for both new variety development via genetic engineering and synthetic biology research on guar gum biosynthesis in the future.
Highlights
Guar bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), known as cluster bean, is an annual herb that originates from the tropics of Asia and Africa[1]
One mannan synthase gene, three glycosyltransferase genes and five cellulose synthase genes were highly expressed in 30 days after flowering (DAF) and 40 DAF endosperms, indicating that these genes may be involved in galactomannan synthesis
These results indicated that many genes are involved in galactomannan biosynthesis in endosperm and protein and fatty acid accumulation in embryos during seed development of guar beans
Summary
Guar bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), known as cluster bean, is an annual herb that originates from the tropics of Asia and Africa[1]. A total of 2535 and 2724 genes were identified with specific expression in endosperm from 30 DAF and 40 DAF guar bean seeds, respectively This result implied that many genes are involved in the development of guar endosperm including the synthesis of guar gum. One mannan synthase gene, three glycosyltransferase genes and five cellulose synthase genes were highly expressed in 30 DAF and 40 DAF endosperms, indicating that these genes may be involved in galactomannan synthesis. Some storage protein and fatty acid synthesis protein-related genes were highly expressed in 30 DAF and 40 DAF embryos These results indicated that many genes are involved in galactomannan biosynthesis in endosperm and protein and fatty acid accumulation in embryos during seed development of guar beans
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