Characterization of flow mixing and structural topology in supersonic planar mixing layer

Abstract

The investigations on mixing process and structural topology properties of supersonic planar mixing layer with different inflow conditions are conducted by employing direct numerical simulation. First, the present high-order accuracy numerical methods are validated by comparing the simulation results with the data gained from previous well characterized experimental and numerical cases. Then the high-resolved three-dimensional numerical visualizations of supersonic mixing layer are presented by utilizing Q-criterion. The visualization results show the full development and evolution process of mixing layer, including the shear action, the transition process populated sequentially by Λ-vortices, hairpin vortices and braid structures and the establishment of self-similar turbulence. The effects of density ratio, velocity ratio and convective Mach number between the two parallel streams on mixing layer growth rate are evaluated by examining the indexes including velocity thickness and momentum thickness represented the mixing process. The results indicate that for the only variation of density ratio, the velocity thickness growth rates do not significantly vary, while the momentum thickness becomes larger when the upper and lower streams possess the same density. With the increase of only velocity ratio, the mixing layer becomes more stable and the velocity and momentum thickness are both drastically depressed in the whole flow field. As only convective Mach number increases, the mixing layer growth is inhibited in the near field through the transition delay of the flow, while in the far field, the growth rates are nearly the same for different convective Mach numbers. The spatial correlation analysis of structural topology indicates that the effects of each of the three main flow parameters on vortex topology lead to different mean structure sizes and shapes. The present research is useful for evaluating the effects of different flow parameters on mixing properties, which is important for the future scramjet combustor design and evaluation in engineering.