Abstract
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is a medicinal plant which is widely used for its pharmacological properties. In this study the phenolic composition of fenugreek crude seeds originating from Morocco has been investigated. Extraction was performed from defatted seeds by a hydromethanolic solution using an Accelerated Solvent Extractor. HPLC technique coupled to negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and diode array detection was employed to identify the polyphenol in the obtained extract. The obtained results allowed the detection of 32 phenolic compounds among which various flavonoid glycosides and phenolic acids have been tentatively identified on the basis of their UV and MS spectra, and comparisons with standards when available, as well as with literature data. A systematic study of the obtained MS spectra and the observed fragmentation showed that most of the identified compounds were acylated and non-acylated flavonoids with apigenin, luteolin and kaempferol as aglycons. Hydroxycinnamic acids mostly dominated by caffeic acid derivatives were also detected. The quantitative analysis of the identified compounds showed that the phenolic composition of the studied crude fenugreek seeds was predominantly acylated and non-acylated flavone derivatives with apigenin as the main aglycon.
Highlights
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is an annual plant of the Fabaceae family
The extracted crude fenugreek seeds sample was analyzed by HPLC coupled to both diode array and mass spectrometry detectors
HPLC coupled to both ESI/MS and DAD was used to separate and identify flavonoid glycosides in the extract of fenugreek crude seeds
Summary
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is an annual plant of the Fabaceae family The seeds of this plant are used by people in Asia, Africa and Mediterranean countries as one of the ingredients in daily diets [1]. It is used in many domains including medicine, nutrition, beverages, fragrances, cosmetics and for other industrial purposes [2]. In Morocco, fenugreek has been widely used as a spice crop for a long time It is widely used in traditional medicine as a tonic, as a remedy against stomach disorders, diabetes, fever, anaemia, constipation, and as a galactogogue and for stimulation of appetite [24]. The increasing interest of nutritional and pharmacological power of different parts of the plant motivated this investigation
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