Characterization of Faults in Power Transformers Based on Oil Chromatographic Analysis in the Coastal Zone

Abstract

The purpose of this research work is to predict failures in power transformers based on oil chromatographic analysis and thus improve their reliability and avoid further deterioration of equipment and untimely service outages. The research is basic, descriptive, correlational level, and an experimental design. The sample consisted of 3 transformers corresponding to a company in charge of the distribution of electrical energy in the coastal area of Peru, different techniques were used such as the characteristic gas methods, from Dornemburg, from the Rogers relationships, from the total gases fuels. From the analysis of these samples, the gas content presented by the transformers was related to the faults presented by the equipment. The values found were compared with the maximum levels allowed using the key gas method. In this way, they were related to the conditions and the possible causes of breakdowns that could occur. We conclude that gas chromatography analyzes the oil that is composed of elements that make up the insulation of a transformer of many hydrocarbon bases comprised of between 16 and 22 carbon atoms, in addition to cellulose, which is a polymeric hydrocarbon that decomposes and releases gases when a thermal or electrical fault occurs.