Abstract
BackgroundCalf diarrhea is a major economic concern in bovine industry all around the world. This study was carried out in order to investigate distribution of virulence genes, pathotypes, serogroups and antibiotic resistance properties of Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheic calves.ResultsTotally, 76.45% of 824 diarrheic fecal samples collected from Isfahan, Chaharmahal, Fars and Khuzestan provinces, Iran were positive for E. coli and all of them were also positive for cnf2, hlyA, cdtIII, f17c, lt, st, stx1, eae, ehly, stx2 and cnf1 virulence genes. Chaharmahal had the highest prevalence of STEC (84.61%), while Isfahan had the lowest (71.95%). E. coli serogroups had the highest frequency in 1–7 days old calves and winter season. Distribution of ETEC, EHEC, AEEC and NTEC pathotypes among E. coli isolates were 28.41%, 5.07%, 29.52% and 3.49%, respectively. Statistical analyses were significant for presence of bacteria between various seasons and ages. All isolates had the high resistance to penicillin (100%), streptomycin (98.25%) and tetracycline (98.09%) antibiotics. The most commonly detected resistance genes were aadA1, sul1, aac[3]-IV, CITM, and dfrA1. The most prevalent serogroup among STEC was O26.ConclusionsOur findings should raise awareness about antibiotic resistance in diarrheic calves in Iran. Clinicians should exercise caution when prescribing antibiotics.
Highlights
Calf diarrhea is a major economic concern in bovine industry all around the world
Escherichia coli is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, flagellated, non-sporulating and facultative anaerobic bacterium of the family enterobacteriaceae that classically classified into enterohemorrhagic (EHEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), necrotoxigenic (NTEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC)
We found that the incidence of ETEC, EHEC, AEEC
Summary
Calf diarrhea is a major economic concern in bovine industry all around the world. This study was carried out in order to investigate distribution of virulence genes, pathotypes, serogroups and antibiotic resistance properties of Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheic calves. Calf diarrhea is one of the most economic and pervasive concern in veterinary industry all around the world. Several studies have been addressed the high distribution of Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains in infectious calf diarrhea [3,4,5,6]. Escherichia coli is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, flagellated, non-sporulating and facultative anaerobic bacterium of the family enterobacteriaceae that classically classified into enterohemorrhagic (EHEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), necrotoxigenic (NTEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC). Intimin genes are present in EPEC and some Shigatoxinproducing E. coli (STEC). EPEC strains are defined as eae Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord
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